Development of convenience of piston rings

As the vehicle engine develops towards high strength, high output power and light weight, the piston ring becomes thinner and lighter in weight, which requires the piston ring to have high strength. In recent years, steel piston rings used in gasoline engines have been gradually introduced into the diesel engine field, and some diesel engines have begun to use steel oil rings. After the height of the piston ring becomes smaller, the tightness between the piston ring and the cylinder liner is strengthened, which can reduce the probability of engine oil entering the combustion chamber, thus reducing emission pollution. At present, thin piston rings have been gradually applied in the field of vehicle diesel engines and gasoline engines. Vehicle engines are developing towards high mechanical load, high heat load, low fuel consumption and low exhaust emission, which put forward higher requirements for piston rings: wear resistance and cylinder resistance, and the sliding characteristic that will not cause too much wear on the cylinder liner, thus promoting the popularization of advanced surface treatment technology in the field of piston rings. At present, the air tightness measurement of the piston is mainly to indirectly reflect its air tightness through the leakage light between the piston ring and the standard part, so the air tightness measurement accuracy is not high. However, the above-mentioned detection method using cylinder pressure gauge and crankcase air leakage detector has relatively low accuracy, so the air tightness of piston ring will develop in a more accurate direction. In the process of piston ring air tightness detection, if only individual new piston rings are detected, the requirements for convenience and operability can be appropriately reduced. If a batch of produced piston rings are detected, that requires good convenience. Therefore, the air tightness detection of piston rings will develop towards convenience. At present, domestic ion plating TiN and TiC hard film have been widely used in knives, molds or other wear-resistant parts. In the past, motorcycle piston rings were mostly made of electroplated chrome cast iron to prolong the piston rings- The service life of the cylinder pair, but under the cyclic action of heat and mechanical load, the coating is easy to peel off. In order to prevent cylinder wear during engine running-in, the coating needs polishing. This process takes several hours, pickling and special ecological protection measures. Foreign scientists have used the PVD Process assisted by ion bombardment to obtain a multi-layer TiN coating on the motorcycle piston ring, which does not require post-coating polishing and special ecological protection measures, it also has many good characteristics and can replace the chrome plating process. Wear test diagram of piston rings of small motorcycle engines with different coatings, comparison of three groups of piston rings of different materials after 180h test. The total wear of piston ring friction pair with multi-layer PVD coating is much lower than that of chrome-plated piston ring friction pair.

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